Population figures
Refugees:
152,002
Asylum-seekers:
173,532
Internally displaced persons (IDPs):
262,411
Other people in need of international protection:
64,160
Stateless persons:
13
Others of concern to UNHCR:
31,888
Total country population:
131,946,900
Country context
The United Mexican States (Mexico) is located in North America, in the Southern North America sub-region. It borders the United States of America to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast, with coastlines along the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. The capital city is Mexico City, which is the seat of government. Mexico is a federal State with a presidential system of government. Executive authority is exercised by a president, and legislative authority is vested in a bicameral congress.
Mexico is party to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, and the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. It is not party to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. Mexico has incorporated the broader refugee definition of the 1984 Cartagena Declaration on Refugees into its domestic law.
...Mexican law also provides for complementary protection for individuals who do not meet the criteria for recognition as refugees but who cannot be returned to another country where their life would be at risk or where there are substantial grounds for believing that they would be in danger of being subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. This form of protection reflects Mexico’s non-refoulement obligations, including those arising under the Convention against Torture. It may be particularly relevant to individuals whose specific profiles or circumstances place them at heightened risk of detention or deprivation of liberty upon return, where such detention would expose them to a real and individualized risk of torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, even when their circumstances do not fall within the refugee definition.
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