Haiti occupies the western third of the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean, bordered by the Dominican Republic to the east and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. Haiti is currently experiencing a significant internal displacement crisis. As of mid-2024, gang violence and political instability has displaced over a substantial number of people within the country, making Haiti one of the nations with the largest number of internally displaced persons globally. Many of these displaced individuals reside in urban areas, particularly in and around the capital, Port-au-Prince, and other regions such as Leogane and the South. Many are hosted by local communities or reside in makeshift shelters, including schools and sports facilities, where access to basic services is limited. The displacement is primarily due to escalating gang violence, which has led to widespread insecurity and the breakdown of public order.

Haiti is both a source and transit country for refugees and asylum-seekers. The number of Haitian refugees and asylum-seekers has increased significantly, with many undertaking perilous journeys across the Americas and the Caribbean. These individuals often face heightened risks during their travels, including exposure to violence and exploitation. The primary countries of asylum for Haitian nationals include the United States, Mexico, and various nations in South and Central America.