Gabon is located on the west coast of Central Africa, bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, the Republic of the Congo to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The country spans approximately 267,668 km², encompassing diverse geographical features such as coastal plains and dense equatorial forests.

Gabon is a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol as well as the 1969 OAU Convention governing the specific aspects of refugee problems in Africa. The country hosts refugees from neighbouring countries, notably the Central African Republic and the Republic of the Congo. These individuals primarily reside in urban areas, including the capital, Libreville, and other provincial cities. Efforts are ongoing to facilitate access of refugees into essential services such as healthcare, with a view to include refugees in the national health insurance programme.