Israel is located in West Asia, in the Southern Levant, sharing borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the southwest, with the Mediterranean Sea to the west and a section of coastline on the Red Sea at the Gulf of Eilat. Forcibly displaced persons include mostly long-term asylum-seekers from Eritrea and Sudan and Ukrainians in need of international protection. They reside predominantly in urban areas, particularly Tel Aviv, Jerusalem and peripheral municipalities—without the establishment of formal camps or settlements. 

Israel is a State Party to the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol (which it ratified in 1954 and 1968, respectively), but has not enacted a domestic refugee legislation. Israel also ratified the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons in 1958 and has signed but not ratified the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.