Refugee and asylum-seeker populations in Luxembourg comprise individuals originating from diverse regions and countries, including Ukraine, Syria and Eritrea. Many applicants arrive following journeys through neighbouring States, reflecting the country’s role within onward movement patterns. Refugees reside predominantly in urban and suburban areas—notably in Luxembourg City, Esch-sur-Alzette and Pétange—where they secure accommodation through community-based arrangements or designated reception facilities

Luxembourg ratified the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees in 1953 and its 1967 Protocol in 1971. Laws and policies are in place implementing these instruments. Moreover, the country also ratified the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless persons as well as its respective 1961 Convention  on the Reduction of Statelessness. In 2017, the country enacted a law on nationality aimed at preventing statelessness and facilitating the acquisition of nationality for refugees and stateless persons. This legislation provides a legal framework for individuals wishing to apply for stateless status. 

Statelessness is addressed through an administrative determination procedure, established under amendments to immigration regulations that incorporate treaty obligations into domestic practice. Applicants for statelessness status submit a formal request to the Department for Foreigners at the General Department of Immigration, supported by documentation or other evidence of nationality gaps. Recognized stateless persons may obtain renewable residence permits, though they are not automatically entitled to reception conditions or integration support in the same manner as refugees.