Moldova's legal framework also includes provisions for the protection of stateless individuals, and efforts are ongoing to address challenges in statelessness determination. While the country has made progress in this area, some gaps remain in ensuring that all stateless persons are adequately protected.

As mentioned, a large portion of refugees from Ukraine are women and children, including female-headed households and unaccompanied or separated children. These profiles are at heightened risks related to child protection, GBV and trafficking.  Other at-risk groups including people with disabilities and older people face obstacles in accessing services across sectors, as do LGBTIQ+ refugees and refugees living with HIV who may be reluctant to come forward for support, as well as members of key populations, including sex workers and people who use drugs. 

Education for Ukrainian children is an ongoing challenge, complicated by uncertainty about length of stay, a preference for online schooling from Ukraine, and language barriers. Additionally, the expected narrowing of cash assistance has increased the need for livelihoods support. Obstacles to formal employment persist, including skills mismatching, low salaries, and language. Women face additional obstacles, including limited access to childcare.