Domestic law provides a framework for the return of individuals determined not to be in need of international protection through the deportation decision regime in Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection,  Articles 52 to 60. Where an international protection application has been rejected, deemed inadmissible, withdrawn, or considered withdrawn, or where the applicant has been excluded from international protection, or where an international protection status has ended or been cancelled, a removal decision may be issued under Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 54(1)(i), provided that after the relevant final outcome the person has no other lawful basis to remain in Türkiye.

The procedure for issuing and challenging a deportation decision is set out in Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 53. Under the Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 53(3), the person concerned, their legal representative, or their lawyer may apply to the administrative court within seven days of notification. The court must conclude the case within fifteen days from completion of the file, or, where an interim decision or hearing is required, from completion of those steps, and its decision is final. Unless the person consents, removal is suspended during the time limit for bringing proceedings and, where proceedings are brought, until the proceedings are concluded.

Substantive limits on removal are set out in Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 4 and Article 55. Article 4 provides the general non-refoulement guarantee. Article 55 lists categories for whom a deportation decision is not issued, including persons facing a real risk of the death penalty, torture, or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in the country of return, and certain persons whose health condition or vulnerability makes removal inappropriate, subject to the conditions in that Article.

Return may occur through voluntary departure or enforced removal. Under Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 56, a person subject to a deportation decision may be granted fifteen to thirty days to depart voluntarily where the statutory conditions are met, and a leave permit is issued. Article 56 also provides circumstances in which no voluntary departure period is granted. Where necessary to secure removal, administrative detention may be ordered under Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 57, subject to time limits, and alternatives to detention may be applied under Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 57/A. The execution of deportation decisions, including coordination for removal and rules on travel costs and reimbursement, is regulated by Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 60. 

Law 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection, Article 60/A provides for voluntary return assistance for irregular migrants who are subject to a deportation decision and who request voluntary return, allowing support in cash or in kind for those deemed appropriate. The Implementing Regulation also regulates voluntary return support for foreigners who request voluntary return (Article 121).

Temporary Protection Regulation, Article 42, separately regulates voluntary return for persons under temporary protection, requiring necessary facilitation for those who voluntarily return to their country and allowing support within available means.