Last Change:
04/09/2025
Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique
Year: 2004
Type: Domestic law
Rights Category: Asylum, Education, Freedom of movement, Health, Housing, land & property, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Work & Workplace rights, Family life, Documentation
Description
The Constitution of Mozambique establishes the country's fundamental legal framework, outlining principles of national unity, democracy, social justice, and human rights. Article 20 states that "The Republic of Mozambique shall grant asylum to foreigners persecuted on the grounds of their struggle for national liberation, for democracy, for peace, and for the protection of human rights."
Selected provisions
All acts intended to undermine national unity, to disturb social harmony or to create divisions or situations of privilege or discrimination based on colour, race, sex, ethnic origin, place of birth, religion, level of education, social position, physical or mental ability, the marital status of one’s parents, profession or political preference, shall be punished in terms of the law.
1. Work shall be a right and a duty of every citizen.
2. All citizens shall have the right freely to choose their profession.
3. Forced labour shall be prohibited, except where the work is performed withinthe framework of penal legislation
1. Validly approved and ratified International treaties and agreements shall enter into force in the Mozambican legal order once they have been officially published and while they are internationally binding on the Mozambican State.
2. Norms of international law shall have the same force in the Mozambican legal order as have infra-constitutional legislative acts of the Assembly of the Republic and the Government, according to the respective manner in which they are received.
1. All workers shall have the right to fair remuneration, rest and vacation and to retirement in accordance with the law.
2. Workers shall have the right to protection, health and safety at work.
3. Workers may be dismissed only in the cases and in accordance with the terms provided for by law.
1. All workers shall have the freedom to organise professional associations or trade unions.
2. Professional associations and trade unions shall be governed by the principles of democratic organisation and management, based on the active participation of their members in all of their activities, and on the periodic election of their bodies by secret ballot.
3. Professional associations and trade unions shall be independent from employers, from the State, from political parties and from churches or religious denominations.
4. The law shall regulate the creation, merger, alliance and dissolution of professional associations and trade unions, as well as the guarantees of their autonomy and independence from employers, from the State, from political parties and from churches and religious denominations
1. All citizens shall have the right to take up residence in any part of the national territory.
2. All citizens shall be free to travel inside the national territory and abroad, except those who have been legally deprived of this right by the courts.
All individuals shall have the duty to respect and consider their fellow beings without any form of discrimination whatsoever, and to maintain relations with them aimed at promoting, safeguarding and strengthening respect, mutual tolerance and solidarity.
Every individual shall have the duty to:
a) serve the national community, placing his or her physical and intellectual abilities at its service;
b) work to the best of his or her abilities and means;
c) pay contributions and taxes;
d) advocate, in his or her relations with the community, the preservation of cultural values, the spirit of tolerance and of dialogue and, in general, to contribute to civic education and advancement;
e) defend and promote health;
f) protect and conserve the environment;
g) defend and protect the public good and the good of the community.
1. All citizens shall have the right to life and to physical and moral integrity, and they shall not be subjected to torture or to cruel or inhuman treatment.
2. There shall be no death penalty in the Republic of Mozambique.
1. Individual freedoms and guarantees may be temporarily suspended or restricted only in the event of a declaration of a state of war, of a state of siege, or of a state of emergency, in accordance with the terms of the Constitution.
2. Whenever there is a suspension or restriction of freedoms or guarantees, such suspension or restriction shall be general and abstract, and the duration and the legal grounds on which it is founded shall be specified.