Last Change:

05/26/2025

Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania

Year: 1977

Type: Domestic law

Rights Category: Asylum, Education, Freedom of movement, Health, Housing, land & property, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Work & Workplace rights, Family life, Documentation

Description

The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania establishes the framework for the country's governance, dividing it into the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary. Article 13 (1) provides that "All persons are equal before the law and are entitled, without any discrimination, to protection and equality before the law" and 13 (2) "No law enacted by any authority in the United Republic shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect."

Selected provisions
Article 9 - The pursuit of Ujamaa and Self-Reliance

The object of this Constitution is to facilitate the building of the United Republic as a nation of equal and free individuals enjoying freedom, justice, fraternity and concord, through the pursuit of the policy of Socialism and Self Reliance which emphasises the application of socialist principles while taking into account the conditions prevailing in the United Republic. Therefore, the state authority and all its agencies are obliged to direct their policies and programmes towards ensuring—

that human dignity and other human rights are respected and cherished;
that the laws of the land are upheld and enforced;
that public affairs are conducted in such a way as to ensure that the national resources and heritage are harnessed, preserved and applied for the common good and also to prevent the exploitation of one person by another;
that the national economy is planned and promoted in a balanced and integrated manner;
that every person who is able to work does work, and work means any legitimate activity by which a person earns a living;
that human dignity is preserved and upheld in accordance with the spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
that the Government and all its agencies provide equal opportunities to all citizens, men and women alike without regard to their colour, tribe, religion, or station in life;
that all forms of injustice, intimidation, discrimination, corruption, oppression or favouritism are eradicated;
that the use of national resources places emphasis on the development of the people and in particular is geared towards the eradication of poverty, ignorance and disease;
that the economic activities are not conducted in a manner capable of resulting in the concentration of wealth or the major means of production in the hands of a few individuals;
that the country is governed according to the principles of democracy and socialism.

Section 11.2 - The right to work, education and other rights

Everyone has the right to educate himself, and every citizen will be free to earn an education in any field desired and reach any limits depending on his merit and capability.

Article 12.1 - Equality of human beings

All human beings are born free, and are all equal.

Article 12.2 - Equality of Human Beings

Every person is entitled to recognition and respect for his dignity.

Section 13.1 - Equality before the law

All people are equal before the law, and have the right, without discrimination of any king, to be protected and to be accorded equal justice before the law.

.

Section 13.2 - Equality before the law

It is forbidden for any law enacted by any Authority in the Union Republic to impose any condition which is of a discriminatory the Union Republic to impose any condition which is of a discriminatory nature or which is obviously to one's disadvantage.

Section 13.3- Equality before the law

The rights of the people, the well-being and interests of everyone and the society will be protected and arbitrated by the courts and other instruments of authority laid down by the Law and in accordance with the Law.

section 13.4 - Equality before the law

It is forbidden for anyone to be discriminated against by anyone or any authority which is exercising its powers under any law or in carrying out any duty or function of the Authority of the State of the Party and its instruments.

Section 13.5 - Equality before the law

For the purpose of interpreting the conditions in this paragraph, the word "discrimination" means meeting the needs, rights or other requirements of different people based on their nationality, tribe, their origin, their political affiliation, color, religion or their lifestyles in such a way that certain people are made or considered inferior and subjected to restrictions or conditions of restrictions whereas other people are treated differently or are given opportunities or benefits that are outside the conditions or compulsory restrictions.

Article 14 - Right to life

Every person has the right to live and to the protection of his life by the society in accordance with law.

Show